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Endotracheal intubation

…for the intensive care patient and totals 12 points: Mallampati III–IV (5 points), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (2 points), reduced neck mobility (1 point)…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…sympathetic activation: sweating tremor palpitations hunger anxiety pallor paraesthesiae Neuroglycopenic symptoms An inadequate supply of glucose to the brain can cause: difficulty concentrating irritability or…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Critical care Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue and end organ perfusion caused by cardiac insufficiency…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

…It is frequently clinically silent, which promotes both patient and clinician inertia and contributes to inadequate long term control. The treatment objective is individualized blood…

Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…delaying treatment. 10. Call anaesthetics and intensive care early with life threatening features or an inadequate response. First line treatment is oxygen in hypoxaemia, repeated…

Intensive care parameters

…80–85 mmHg in chronic hypertension or when there are signs of inadequate perfusion Urine output 0.5 mL/kg/h Lactate Falling A clearance…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…you are doing. Indications The laryngeal mask: A rescue airway when intubation has failed and bag mask ventilation is difficult or inadequate. The primary airway…

Reduction of dislocations

…An open dislocation. Inadequate analgesia or sedation — the procedure must not then be started. Radiography before reduction A radiograph is taken before reduction in a…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…when the need is more than brief: continuing pacing dependence, inadequate or unachievable transcutaneous capture, or when the patient cannot tolerate the pain of transcutaneous…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…transient rate related conduction abnormalities, pacing related repolarization changes, and inadequate coronary flow relative to myocardial oxygen demand. Consequently, an elevated cardiac troponin concentration and…

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