…response with pronounced bradycardia. Most cardioinhibitory events are due to sinus bradycardia, though transient atrioventricular (AV) block can also occur. The physiologic response to orthostatic…

…as one: with an indication, a route of administration and a target range for the saturation . What usually goes wrong is not that the patient…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…level of care , with readiness for respiratory support. 5. Treatment of the alcohol use disorder and planned follow up , not merely detoxification. Benzodiazepines reduce the…

Hydralazine Hydralazine is not preferred for hypertensive emergencies due to the high risk of reflex sympathetic stimulation. Drug Hydralazine Brand names Apresoline ®, Bidil ®…

…Adverse effects Tachycardia. Headache. Flushing. Edema. Dizziness. Caution Should be used cautiously in patients with myocardial ischemia and/or heart failure. Nicardipine doses and administration…

…Suggests : : Nystagmus that is purely vertical, downbeating or direction changing Central cause Nystagmus without latency that does not fatigue Central cause New headache, neck pain…

…immediate treatment with hypertonic sodium chloride, whether the hyponatraemia is acute or chronic. The aim is to relieve the cerebral oedema quickly, not to normalise…

…clearly labelled. A laxative and an antiemetic prescribed at the same time as the opioid — not afterwards. A current creatinine with the eGFR, the weight…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…minute Adverse effects Headache. Flushing. Tachycardia. Nausea. Hypokalemia. Increased intra ocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. Caution Used cautiously in patients with glaucoma or increased…

…Adverse effects Headache (cerebral vasodilation). Tachycardia (due to reflex sympathetic activation). Nausea. Vomiting. Flushing. Palpitations. Tolerance with prolonged use. Methemoglobinemia. Hypoxemia. Caution Proceed with caution…

…Flushing. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Caution Rarely used unless patient has a confirmed diagnosis of pheochromocytoma Treatment of hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma; treatment of dermal necrosis…

…cannot be pursued. Patients receiving digoxin may present with symptoms of digitalis toxicity, which manifests across multiple organ systems. Non cardiac symptoms include headache, nausea…

…Some patients with acute pain, anxiety, or distress have transient BP elevation that improves when the precipitating state resolves. The distinction is therefore not based…

…mmHg Headache that does not respond to medication Visual disturbance Persistent severe epigastric pain Pulmonary oedema Thrombocytopenia, with platelets <100 × 10⁹/L Renal insufficiency, with…

…transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with the pathway that enables reentry tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT and AVRT). These arrhythmias rely on AV node transmission…

…alone [2]. A markedly raised blood pressure without acute organ damage should as a rule not be lowered rapidly with intravenous drugs. Restart or optimise…

…hyperkalemia and hypokalemia can induce life threatening arrhythmias and cardiac arrest, with hyperkalemia being the most prevalent electrolyte disturbance observed in cardiac arrest scenarios. Hypocalcemia…

…pacemaker is often necessary in the acute setting and is currently the only treatment with class I recommendation according to European (ESC) and North American …