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ArticleEchocardiography
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

…It should be noted that imaging of the right ventricle requires an experienced echocardiographer. Three dimensional (3D) echocardiography should be considered in laboratories with expertise…

ArticleEchocardiography
Continuous Wave Doppler (CW Doppler)

…the opening of the mitral valve and the left atrium. Recall that velocities (flows) directed away from the transducer are displayed below the baseline and…

ArticleProcedurer
Oesophageal ECG

…The oesophageal signal is thereby displayed in the V5 channel on the printout. 3. Set the filter: a frequency range of about 15–40 Hz…

ArticleEchocardiography
Aortic stenosis

…according to type of stenosis. The patients with low flow (stroke volume index <35 ml/m²) and low gradient (<40 mmHg) displayed the worst prognosis…

ArticleEchocardiography
Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography

…decreases with increasing distance from the transducer; this affects the lateral resolution as explained in Figure 3. Figure 3. Axial and lateral resolution of the…

ArticleProcedurer
Nasogastric tube

…confirmation of the position that determines whether the tube is safe. A misplaced tube in the airway produces no reliable symptoms in a patient with…

ArticleECG
Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…misplaced stimulation artifacts, irregular pacing, etc. Most cases of malfunction are associated with the electronics in the pulse generator or dislodgement or fracture of the…