…a lithium battery with a lifespan of 5–10 years. A shorter lifespan can be expected if the pacing requirement is extensive, or if the…

…treatment — contact an orthopaedic surgeon before attempting reduction. Posterior shoulder dislocation, which is often associated with fracture and requires an orthopaedic surgeon. Dislocation of a…

…known or suspected perforation of the tympanic membrane — including a history of grommets, ear discharge or pain on contact with water. A history of ear…

…oxygen on a reservoir mask — this markedly shortens the half life of carbon monoxide. Contact your national or regional poison control centre regarding hyperbaric treatment…

…Prepare airway equipment and contact anaesthesia early with a prolonged seizure, repeated doses of benzodiazepine, aspiration, hypoventilation, circulatory failure or an anticipated need for anaesthesia…

…threatening arrhythmias or cardiac arrest mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. acute heart failure recurrent dynamic ST segment or T wave changes, particularly with intermittent…

…the blood count or contact with the patient's own clinic delay empirical antibiotics [1]. A practical target: give the first dose of broad spectrum…

…unstable angina. Management begins in parallel with the diagnostic work up. Obtain an interpretable 12 lead ECG within 10 minutes of first medical contact, attach…

…gas with lactate, two sets of blood cultures, and a culture from the likely focus 0 to 15 min Ringer's acetate for hypotension or…

…retention. Chronic urinary retention with renal impairment or a large residual volume. A need for accurate measurement of urine output in a critically ill patient…