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Arterial line

…cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia in the awake patient — the anaesthetic also improves the chance of success by counteracting vascular spasm. Pressure…

Status epilepticus: quick reference for emergency treatment

…Give a full loading dose of an intravenous antiseizure drug If the seizure continues after adequate step 1 and step 2 Refractory status: contact anaesthesia…

Pleural aspiration and chest drain

Procedurer Almost all the complications of pleural aspiration arise from two errors: the needle is placed in the wrong site, and too much is drained…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…influenced by the clinical setting, vascular access route, anticoagulation, renal function, age, comorbidity, and procedural complexity. Overall incidence and major complications Complications during diagnostic coronary…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…technique is better on irregular surfaces and in the scalp. Complications Complication Frequency and comment : : Pain during thawing The rule rather than the exception Blister…

Mitral regurgitation

…follows: Endocarditis Papillary muscle rupture (complication of acute myocardial infarction) Rupture of chordae tendineae. Acute regurgitation of blood into the left atrium results in sudden…

Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…Acute myocardial infarction is the most severe complication of coronary artery disease. The most common initiating mechanism is rupture or erosion of a vulnerable (unstable…

Heart failure: Causes, types, diagnosis, treatments & management

…failure is now the most frequent complication of diabetes ( Shah et al, McMurray et al ). Management of heart failure progressed rapidly during the 1970s and…

Heart failure: Introduction

…failure is now the most frequent complication of diabetes ( Shah et al, McMurray et al ). Management of heart failure progressed rapidly during the 1970s and…

Pulmonary regurgitation

…Carcinoid heart disease Tetralogy of Fallot Marfan syndrome Takayasu's arteritis Iatrogenic (e.g complication of catheterization) Congenital dysplasia/aplasia of the pulmonary valve Idiopathic…

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