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Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…Other mechanisms include thrombosis, embolism, vasculitis, fibromuscular dysplasia, arterial entrapment, cystic adventitial disease and trauma. Atherosclerotic PAD is a manifestation of systemic arterial disease rather…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…thrombosis and the diagnostic criteria used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial…

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…causes, and extracardiac or systemic causes producing myocardial oxygen supply–demand imbalance. Coronary mechanisms Coronary mechanisms include: Plaque rupture or plaque erosion with thrombosis, despite…

Pulmonary embolism: quick reference for risk stratification and treatment

…with gastrointestinal and urogenital tumours Marked renal failure Low molecular weight heparin with dose adjustment, or warfarin Subsegmental pulmonary embolism without deep vein thrombosis An…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…refill and venous filling Pulses proximal and distal to the suspected obstruction Arterial and venous Doppler signals Evidence of systemic disease or a potential embolic…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism differ from the atrial fibrillation doses and include an initial high dose phase. Follow FASS (the Swedish medicines compendium) and…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

…of peripheral embolism, or an unexplained drop in arterial pressure. Silent or unrecognized infarction occurs more often in patients without antecedent angina and in those…

Left Ventricular Thrombus After Myocardial Infarction

…clinically silent and discovered during post infarction imaging. When embolization occurs, presentation depends on the vascular territory involved and may include systemic arterial embolic manifestations…

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratification and Reperfusion

…blood pressure Respiratory insufficiency, manifested by tachypnoea and/or low arterial oxygen saturation Syncope These findings may occur singly or in combination. Syncope is particularly…

Cardiac thromboembolism: cardiac sources of embolism

…is to scrutinize potential cardiac sources of emboli and to evaluate the carotid and cerebral arteries. Ultrasound may reveal atherosclerotic plaques, thrombi, occlusions, and dissections…

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