…Pneumothorax is characterized by the presence of free air in the thoracic cavity. While this can occasionally be benign and manifest even in healthy individuals…

…final partial pressure of carbon dioxide in exhaled air represents the sum of ventilation, metabolic activity, and perfusion. Increased aerobic metabolism, perfusion, and ventilation result…

…When vocal cords vibrate, they generate vibrations in the surrounding air and these vibrations propagate in the form of a sound wave. If the sound…

…pressure, non HDL cholesterol, diabetes, body mass index, and current smoking—account for more than half of the population attributable risk of cardiovascular mortality and…

…supine position. In order to obtain the best possible image quality, patient safety and ergonomics for the operator, special examination tables are used. These tables…

…mask and cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia in the awake patient — the anaesthetic also improves the chance of success by counteracting vascular…

…venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation. Repeated blood sampling during intensive care. Exhausted peripheral venous access during prolonged intravenous therapy. The need for central…

…airway pressures, for example severe ARDS, marked obesity or a stiff chest wall. Glottic or subglottic obstruction — the mask sits above the obstruction and solves…

…place for days without anyone asking why, or the patient at risk of carbon dioxide retention is given 15 litres on a reservoir mask and…

…a high mortality [1,2]. Give antibiotics immediately and aim for administration within one hour in septic shock, or when sepsis is judged certain or…

…Do not wait for the blood gas result before starting treatment. Clinical assessment History that affects the level of risk Ask briefly and to the…

…is hypoxaemic. Oxygen is not a treatment for dyspnoea as such and must not be given uncontrolled simply because the patient feels breathless. Excessive oxygen…

…air bubbles and analytical delay, and compare with the electrolyte panel Rapid classification pH pCO₂ HCO₃ Likely dominant process : : : : Low High Normal or high Respiratory…

…resolution. Iodinated contrast is generally required for coronary angiography because the intrinsic contrast between the cardiac chambers, blood pool, and vascular structures is limited. CCTA…