…pressure suggests a low stroke volume Capillary refill < 3 s A simple and validated marker of perfusion Lactate < 1.6 mmol/L Clearance…

…hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy. Numerous formulas have been developed to approximate ventricular mass. Most formulas are simple mathematical equations, included in all ultrasound systems, and assume…

…understand echocardiography. In clinical practice, the investigator performs simple measurements and Doppler recordings, which the ultrasound machine uses to calculate various hemodynamic parameters. The Doppler…

…Brugada syndrome. This disorder is easy to diagnose with a simple blood test and the ST segment elevations resolve after normalization of potassium levels. Brugada…

…in the emergency department with simple equipment. Two principles determine the outcome: the first attempt is the best attempt , and a button battery is an…

…and collapsed veins mean that the fine needle is in addition the only one that will go in. The rule that saves time is simple…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

Cardiology Coronary Atherosclerosis Coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, and highly complex lipid driven inflammatory disease of the arterial intima that serves as the fundamental…

…The reason for this is simple. For example, if there is acute ischemia located in the anterior wall and there is ST segment elevation in…

…than a simple clearance effect. Treatment also affects interpretation. Angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors may increase BNP concentrations, although the effect is not universal and may…