…inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) that include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, vasculitides, mixed connective tissue disease, myositis, Sjögren syndrome…

…and in patients with diabetes or renal failure the index may be falsely normal because of medial sclerosis — in that case add toe pressure measurement…

…or non diagnostic CT. Suspected neuroborreliosis, neurosyphilis or another CNS infection. Suspected inflammatory disease: multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis. Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS…

…pressure in that leg ÷ highest arm pressure of the two arms Interpretation ABI Interpretation Action : : : 1.40 Incompressible vessels — medial sclerosis Measure the toe pressure…

…Episodes of headache, palpitations, sweating and pallor that may suggest phaeochromocytoma. Systemic sclerosis, kidney disease, autoimmune disease or previous thrombotic microangiopathy. Antidepressants can affect the…

…m²) 0,85 0,6 0,85 < 0,6 Measured parameters Aortic sclerosis Mild stenosis Moderate stenosis Severe stenosis Mean gradient (mmHg) < 20…

…by elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure. It may arise from pulmonary vascular disease, left sided cardiac disease, chronic lung disease or hypoxia, chronic thromboembolic obstruction…