…reversal of the nystagmus is common. 6. Repeat on the left side. A positive test in the posterior canal is characterised by: A latency of…

…The majority of these encode proteins in the sarcomere, Z disk or the cytoskeleton (Herschberger et al). De novo mutations are less common than inherited…

…of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left…

…blood flow from the pulmonary vein to the left atrium is hampered. This reduces the filling of the left atrium and, accordingly, the left ventricle…

…occurs when intrapericardial pressure equals or exceeds right atrial pressure. The haemodynamic consequences are progressive impairment of right and left sided filling, reduced stroke volume…

…dietary sodium restriction may therefore mimic pharmacological resistance or contribute directly to persistent hypertension. Resistant hypertension is associated with a higher likelihood of secondary hypertension…

…investigation that distinguishes obstructive from restrictive impairment of lung function, and COPD cannot be diagnosed without it . The quality of the test determines its entire…

…lead to obstruction of the LVOT (Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, HOCM). Dilated cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM) . Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Dysplasia (ARVC/ARVD) Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM…

Cardiology Introduction Since its initial description in 1992 as a syndrome of right bundle branch block, ST segment elevation, and sudden cardiac death (SCD), Brugada…

…wrong patient — a mislabelled tube, or an identity check performed at the nurses' station instead of at the bedside. The check against the patient's…