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Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…with the right atrium being depolarized before the left atrium. The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection of right atrial activation…

ECG interpretation: Characteristics of the normal ECG (P-wave, QRS complex, ST segment, T-wave)

…left ventricle is many times larger than the vector generated by the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of left ventricular depolarization…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…larger size before producing haemodynamic compromise. As intrapericardial pressure rises, the right atrium and right ventricle are compressed, with elevation of their diastolic pressures. Right…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…speed of 25 mm/s. Figure 1. Sinus bradycardia. Paper speed 25 mm/s. Calculate the rate by dividing 300 by the number of large…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…L) — choose the subcutaneous route if possible, otherwise give IM with a fine needle and 5 minutes of compression. Anticoagulant treatment is not in itself…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a severe transfusion reaction: contact transfusion medicine before transfusing again. Preparation and equipment Compatibility testing Test What…

Overview of the ECG Waves, Deflections, Intervals, Durations

…the left ventricle is usually considerably larger than the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of the electrical potentials generated by the…

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…artery. Depending on the size and form of the thrombus, it will occlude the main pulmonary artery or its branches. The larger the thrombus, the…

P-wave, PR interval, PR segment: physiology, criteria & ECG findings

…with the right atrium being depolarized before the left atrium. The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection of right atrial depolarization…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…blocker exposure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI has fallen with prompt reperfusion and reduction of infarct size. Earlier estimates approached 20%, whereas contemporary…

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