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Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Dysplasia (ARVC, ARVD)

…other ECG changes (see below) should lead to a suspicion of ARVC. The gradual loss of myocardium leads to ventricular dilation and right heart failure…

Short Synacthen test

…Marked atopic disease, particularly severe asthma and a history of anaphylaxis — a relative contraindication; the test is then performed with preparedness for anaphylaxis. An untreated…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…1]. Cardiac Signs and Symptoms Patients often present with symptoms of predominant right heart failure, including lower extremity edema, ascites, and hepatic enlargement [8, 10…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…therapy Increase diuretic dose and/or combine diuretic classes Diuretic resistance or end stage renal failure Consider renal replacement therapy Hypoperfusion with persistent organ injury…

Tricuspid stenosis

…Valve replacement can be performed with biological or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and evidence demonstrating long…

Urinary alkalinisation

…hypokalaemia. Aim for a serum potassium in the upper normal range, around 4.0–4.5 mmol/L, and continue replacement throughout the treatment. This…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…afternoon and evening. See the quick reference on inpatient insulin therapy Peptic ulcer A proton pump inhibitor with concomitant NSAID use or a history of…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…Contraindications Asthma and COPD. Adenosine has caused mild to moderate exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Adenosine should be used with caution in patients with obstructive lung…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…long for thick soft tissue and for the head of the humerus. A pressure bag or a 50 mL syringe with a three way tap…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

…with lower temperatures. Electrolyte replacement. Large infusions of fluids are typically needed. Table 1. Grading of hyperthermia. Body temperature should decrease at a rate of…

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