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Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Dysplasia (ARVC, ARVD)

…the right ventricle may appear functionally and morphologically normal on echocardiography and cardiac MRI during the first two decades of life. The most common initial…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…antihypertensives, should prompt clinical suspicion [1]. Cardiac Signs and Symptoms Patients often present with symptoms of predominant right heart failure, including lower extremity edema, ascites…

Tricuspid stenosis

…Valve replacement can be performed with biological or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and evidence demonstrating long…

Short Synacthen test

…after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, or with suspected suppression of the HPA axis after long term glucocorticoid treatment. A basal morning cortisol in the grey…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…replacement therapy Hypoperfusion with persistent organ injury Consider mechanical circulatory support Refractory advanced disease Consider palliative care Right ventricular failure is characterized by increased right…

Urinary alkalinisation

…200 mL of the 50 mg/mL solution. 6. Continue with a continuous infusion of sodium bicarbonate , titrated against the urine pH. A common starting…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…about suppression of the HPA axis, where a long half life produces more marked suppression. Stress dosing in known adrenal insufficiency A patient with primary…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…names : Adenocor Mechanism of action Adenosine works by slowing down the impulse transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with the pathway that enables…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…with needles in three lengths: short for children and slim limbs, medium for most adults, long for thick soft tissue and for the head of…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

…with lower temperatures. Electrolyte replacement. Large infusions of fluids are typically needed. Table 1. Grading of hyperthermia. Body temperature should decrease at a rate of…

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