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Cardiac amyloidosis

…of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…diuretic classes Diuretic resistance or end stage renal failure Consider renal replacement therapy Hypoperfusion with persistent organ injury Consider mechanical circulatory support Refractory advanced disease…

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Dysplasia (ARVC, ARVD)

…adult with T wave inversions in V1–V4, or other ECG changes (see below) should lead to a suspicion of ARVC. The gradual loss of…

Levosimendan (Simdax, Simendan) in acute heart failure

…and initiation of renal replacement therapy. The study found no significant differences between the two treatment groups with respect to either the primary or secondary…

Short Synacthen test

…after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, or with suspected suppression of the HPA axis after long term glucocorticoid treatment. A basal morning cortisol in the grey…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…question): A fracture of the bone to be punctured, or a major injury proximal to the puncture site. A joint prosthesis or orthopaedic metalwork in…

Urinary alkalinisation

…control centre for advice on the treatment threshold and on whether haemodialysis should be considered. Rhabdomyolysis with marked elevation of CK and threatened kidney injury…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…about suppression of the HPA axis, where a long half life produces more marked suppression. Stress dosing in known adrenal insufficiency A patient with primary…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…COPD. Adenosine has caused mild to moderate exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Adenosine should be used with caution in patients with obstructive lung disease or asthma…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

…with lower temperatures. Electrolyte replacement. Large infusions of fluids are typically needed. Table 1. Grading of hyperthermia. Body temperature should decrease at a rate of…

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