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Levosimendan (Simdax, Simendan) in acute heart failure

…and (3) modulation of sarcolemmal and mitochondrial potassium ATP channels. Levosimendan alleviates heart failure symptoms, increases cardiac output, and lowers pulmonary artery pressure without increasing…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…blood flow appropriate to tissue requirements unless filling pressures are elevated. Consequently, congestion may occur across the full range of left ventricular ejection fraction and…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left…

Short Synacthen test

…after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, or with suspected suppression of the HPA axis after long term glucocorticoid treatment. A basal morning cortisol in the grey…

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Dysplasia (ARVC, ARVD)

…the reason for which remains elusive. Gene mutations can be confirmed in roughly 60% of individuals with ARVC. Mutations in the desmosomal gene PKP2 is…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…with needles in three lengths: short for children and slim limbs, medium for most adults, long for thick soft tissue and for the head of…

Urinary alkalinisation

…Heart failure, pulmonary oedema and other conditions with a high risk of fluid overload — a relative contraindication requiring invasive monitoring and slower administration. Significant metabolic…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…about suppression of the HPA axis, where a long half life produces more marked suppression. Stress dosing in known adrenal insufficiency A patient with primary…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…names : Adenocor Mechanism of action Adenosine works by slowing down the impulse transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with the pathway that enables…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

…Coimbra R. Open chest versus closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma patients with signs of life upon hospital arrival: a retrospective multicenter study. Crit Care…

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