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Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…recurrent chest pain, pulmonary congestion, a new cardiac murmur, or jugular venous distension in the days after MI should prompt immediate consideration of a mechanical…

Reduction of dislocations

…status, the ASA class and the airway beforehand. Procedure Anterior shoulder dislocation The commonest of all dislocations. There is a hollow beneath the acromion, the…

In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Clinical Significance In stent restenosis (ISR) is recurrent narrowing within a previously implanted coronary stent. It represents a form…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pathophysiological basis Secondary prevention after myocardial infarction (MI) encompasses long term interventions intended to reduce recurrent infarction…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…In the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other ischemic events after coronary angiography…

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial Viability Assessment and Revascularization

…Recurrent or extensive MI with necrosis and scar formation Diffuse myocardial fibrosis Reversible ischemic dysfunction Chronic hypoperfusion with hibernating myocardium Post ischemic stunning Adverse left…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…and from secondary prevention, which addresses patients with established disease to reduce recurrent events and mortality. Risk factor modification is therefore directed at identifying individuals…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…diagnostic ECG, the ECG must be repeated, particularly with ongoing or recurrent pain [1,3,4]. This quick reference gives internationally established doses. Drug availability…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…Indications Ongoing epistaxis that has not stopped spontaneously. Recurrent bleeding from a visible vessel on the septum (cautery). Continued bleeding despite compression and cautery (packing…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…a bloodless field one works by feel, and by feel nail spicules are left behind — which is the commonest cause of recurrence. Indications Condition Procedure : …

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