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Posterior acute myocardial infarction (STEMI)

…the left in the thorax. This positions the basal portion of the left lateral wall posteriorly in thorax (Figure 1). This area is most frequently…

Posterior Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis on the Standard ECG

…have improved by the time of medical evaluation, because transient or evolving ischaemia may still require urgent reperfusion assessment. Posterior myocardial infarction may be electrically…

Fascicular block (hemiblock): Left anterior & left posterior fascicular block

…causes left posterior fascicular block (LPFB) . In a fascicular block, the myocardium without fascicular supply will depend on impulses spreading from other parts of the…

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

…anomaly is characterized by the following malformations: The septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve adhere to the ventricular myocardium (failure of embryological delamination)…

Mitral valve stenosis

…and P3 (posterior or lateral scallop). Figure 1. Anatomy of the mitral valve The leaflets are connected to the papillary muscles via chordae tendineae (Figure…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…but only if the examiner is trained. Brief attacks triggered by the position of the head relative to gravity: perform Dix Hallpike and, if needed…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…Choice of site The posterior superior iliac spine is the standard site for both aspiration and biopsy in adults. Here the posterior part of the…

Circulatory and haemodynamic parameters

…PE) ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ Vital signs and measures of perfusion Parameter Normal Comment : : : Heart rate 50–100/min MAP 70–105 mmHg Target ≥ 65…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…minute or so, that are provoked by a change of position — turning over in bed, lying down, standing up, tilting the head backwards. A symptom…

ECG parameters

…to adults in sinus rhythm, recorded at a paper speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10 mm. At 50 mm/s a…

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