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Posterior acute myocardial infarction (STEMI)

Myocardial ischemia and infarction ECG Posterior (posterolateral) acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) The heart is rotated 30° to the left in the thorax. This positions the…

Posterior Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis on the Standard ECG

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Posterior myocardial infarction is myocardial necrosis involving the posterior region of the left ventricle, usually as part…

Fascicular block (hemiblock): Left anterior & left posterior fascicular block

…Figure 1. Left anterior fascicular block (anterior hemiblock) and left posterior fascicular block (posterior hemiblock). Left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) Left anterior fascicular block is…

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

…Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by the following malformations: The septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve adhere to the ventricular myocardium (failure of…

Mitral valve stenosis

…mitral valve has an anterior leaflet and a posterior leaflet . The anterior leaflet has a semi circular shape and is firmly attached to two fifths…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…and truncal stability and investigate for a central cause. Acute vestibular syndrome is often caused by acute unilateral vestibulopathy, commonly called vestibular neuritis, but posterior…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…Choice of site The posterior superior iliac spine is the standard site for both aspiration and biopsy in adults. Here the posterior part of the…

Circulatory and haemodynamic parameters

…PE) ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ Vital signs and measures of perfusion Parameter Normal Comment : : : Heart rate 50–100/min MAP 70–105 mmHg Target ≥ 65…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…distinguish vestibular neuritis from posterior circulation infarction. The test presupposes that the patient has spontaneous nystagmus at the time of examination and that the examiner…

ECG parameters

…left posterior fascicular block −90° to ±180° Extreme axis deviation Amplitude criteria Criterion Threshold Suggests : : : Sokolow–Lyon S in V1 + R in V5/V6 35…

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