…compression. Infection in the skin overlying the puncture site. Previous pelvic irradiation on the intended side (yields fibrotic, unrepresentative marrow — choose the other side). A…

…postmenopausal bleeding, discharge, itching, burning, pelvic pain, dyspareunia. Cervical cancer screening according to the national programme. Checking an intrauterine device or a pessary. Assessment of…

…a high riding or impalpable prostate, a pelvic fracture, a straddle injury Relative Recent urethral or prostatic surgery — contact a urologist before attempting Relative A…

…A positive FAST scan in an unstable trauma patient. An unstable pelvic fracture with circulatory compromise. A ruptured aortic aneurysm or another major vascular bleed…

…the deep veins of the legs or pelvis. Thrombi formed in the deep veins in the legs or pelvis can detach and flow via inferior…