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Cardiac arrest in hypothermia (accidental hypothermia)

…significant majority of these patients exhibit satisfactory neurological function upon discharge. Figure 1 . Expected cardiopulmonary function and alertness in decreasing body temperature according to HOPE…

Anthropometric measurements

…4 × (actual weight − ideal weight). Used for aminoglycosides and when estimating creatinine clearance in obese patients. Lean body weight is used for propofol and rocuronium…

🟠 Brugada's algorithm for diagnosing ventricular tachycardia (VT)

…is an uncommon cause of ventricular tachycardia, it is important to be able to differentiate these entities. The older the patient and the more significant…

🟠 QTc Interval Calculator (Bazett’s, Fridericia’s, Hodge's and Framingham Formulas)

…The accuracy of QT correction formulas can vary depending on the heart rate and individual patient characteristics. Bazett’s formula has a tendency to overcorrect…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…not backwards. Procedure Step 1 — compression Have the patient blow out the clot. The pinch is applied to the lower third of the nose, the…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock, or where sepsis is highly likely, antibiotics must be given immediately [3]. This quick reference applies chiefly to…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…wrong blood being given to the wrong patient — a mislabelled tube, or an identity check performed at the nurses' station instead of at the bedside…

Hyponatraemia: quick reference for work-up and correction

…main clinical rule Two questions determine the initial management: 1. Does the patient have severe neurological symptoms that may be due to the hyponatraemia? 2…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…findings are absent in roughly half of patients with a central cause. A normal routine neurological examination is therefore not sufficient to exclude stroke [3]…

Gynaecological examination and cervical smear

Procedurer For many patients a gynaecological examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination…

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