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Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive treatments can blunt the febrile response. A neutropenic patient with a suspected infection and organ dysfunction must therefore be managed as…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…the same time, exacerbation is a clinical syndromic diagnosis, not a sufficient explanation for all acute dyspnoea in a patient with COPD. Pneumonia, heart failure…

Hyponatraemia: quick reference for work-up and correction

…how acute the condition is. A patient with a chronic plasma sodium of 112 mmol/L may be relatively unaffected, while a rapid fall from…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…most important dangerous differential diagnosis. Clear focal neurological findings are absent in roughly half of patients with a central cause. A normal routine neurological examination…

Central venous catheter

…give information and obtain consent if the patient is awake, and scan the vessel with ultrasound before you drape — a thrombosed or non compressible vein…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…3. Support the head and lay the patient quickly into the supine position with the head extended approximately 20–30° below the horizontal, maintaining the…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…After prolonged hyperglycaemia the patient may experience hypoglycaemia like symptoms at a normal glucose. With frequent hypoglycaemia the warning symptoms may instead be absent until…

Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

…stimulators, and other electronic equipment may also interfere with device function. The clinical consequences depend on the device, the patient's dependence on pacing, the…

🟠 HEMORR₂HAGES Bleeding Risk Score

…HEMORR₂HAGES with other bleeding risk assessment tools, notably ATRIA and HAS BLED: HAS BLED Score: In a study evaluating bleeding risk prediction in AF patients…

A new ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death

…the majority of sudden cardiac deaths occur in patients with preserved LVEF, for whom no practical risk prediction tool currently exists. At the other end…

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