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Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…with presumed non ischaemic chest pain were subsequently found to have had an infarction. Pathophysiological Considerations The central pathophysiological concern in the emergency department is…

Performing Echocardiographic Examinations

…extensive subcutaneous fat require harder pressure. Orientation index marker All ultrasound transducers have an index marker, which is used for orienting in the ultrasound image…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…is useful in practice: An examination couch that can be approached from all sides and on which the patient's head can hang over the…

ECG manifestations of left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion and critical stenosis

…Figure 1. Coronary artery anatomy in angiographic and computed tomography (CT) views. (A) Angiographic schematic showing the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…lower doses than for pain). An opioid is rarely the right choice in nociplastic or neuropathic pain, in chronic non cancer pain, or in headache…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Use of ECG in acute coronary syndromes & chest pain patients An ECG must be performed on all patients seeking medical…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…diagnosis, as the syndrome associated with ischemic heart disease is broader than chest pain itself, encompassing symptoms like tightness, pressure, and discomfort in the chest…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…The table below shows a systematic history taking in patients presenting with chest pain (chest discomfort) or other symptoms suggestive of the five conditions listed…

Paracentesis

…error in paracentesis is not performing it. Every patient admitted with ascites should undergo a diagnostic paracentesis , because spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often lacks abdominal pain…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…corticosteroid and the lidocaine in the same syringe. The anaesthetic confirms that the injection has gone to the right place — immediate pain relief is a…

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