…tension lines and make it long enough — as a rule of thumb, along the whole length of the abscess or at least half its diameter…

…in left bundle branch block (LBBB), which explains why paced QRS complexes are similar to the QRS morphology during LBBB. Stimulation in other regions of…

…wide QRS complexes; do not delay pacing in order to try yet another dose. Chronotropic support is given as an infusion of isoprenaline, adrenaline or…

…PVC) Premature atrial contractions (PAC) PACEMAKER RELATED Pacing with rapid ventricular response rate The incidence of tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy is 8–10% among patients with…

…artery disease. Proposed explanations in the source material include cardiac memory after abnormal ventricular activation, transient rate related conduction abnormalities, pacing related repolarization changes, and…

…and degree of myocardial involvement The anatomical territory, including anterior, inferoposterolateral or right ventricular involvement Pre existing abnormalities such as prior infarction, left bundle branch…

…thrust is preferred if there is suspicion of cervical spine injury, in which scenario head tilt chin lift should only be used if other methods…

…Continued bleeding despite compression and cautery (packing). Contraindications Cautery: Type Contraindication : : Absolute The source of bleeding cannot be identified Relative A pacemaker or ICD when…

ECG The artificial pacemaker is one of the great medical inventions of the 20th century. Cardiac pacing has evolved from a hazardous experiment in the…

…intrinsic rhythm may develop prolonged pauses. Pacing dependent patients therefore require protection against inhibition during the period of anticipated EMI. The perioperative strategy should also…