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Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…minute or so, that are provoked by a change of position — turning over in bed, lying down, standing up, tilting the head backwards. A symptom…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…but only if the examiner is trained. Brief attacks triggered by the position of the head relative to gravity: perform Dix Hallpike and, if needed…

Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS)

…if there is suspicion of cervical spine injury, in which scenario head tilt chin lift should only be used if other methods fail to open…

Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

…al, JAMA Cardiology (2020). Guo et al reported that 27.8% (52 of 187 patients) had myocardial injury, defined as elevated troponin T levels (TnT)…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…Myocardial injury leads to release of cardiac troponin, but troponin elevation is not specific for myocardial infarction. Other conditions may produce cardiomyocyte injury and elevated…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…closer monitoring — the patient cannot feel pressure injury Peripheral neuropathy of other cause As above Severe pain Titrate the pressure up gradually Rheumatoid arthritis with…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…complete equipment for intubation and ventilation must be to hand before the lavage begins. The head of the trolley must be able to be l

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

Njurmedicin Lathundar Acute management on call Acute kidney injury, AKI, is a syndrome of rapidly deteriorating renal function. Management is governed not by the creatinine…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…laboratory medicine Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Myocardial infarction (MI) is a clinical diagnosis that integrates myocardial injury, evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…and Pathophysiology Aortic dissection is a major form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), alongside intramural haematoma, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, aortic pseudoaneurysm and traumatic aortic injury…

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