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Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…reserved primarily for instability. Evaluation and physical examination Initial assessment should establish whether AF is associated with acute haemodynamic compromise, pulmonary oedema, or evidence of…

Noradrenaline, Dobutamine and Levosimendan: Practical Infusion Use

…or secondary to known cardiac conditions; in these patients, symptoms may be challenging to differentiate from normal physiological changes of pregnancy. Evaluation and Physical Examination…

Central venous catheter

…for local anaesthesia, normal saline to flush all lumens, suture material or a securement device, transparent dressing. Monitoring throughout the procedure: ECG, pulse oximetry and…

Reduction of dislocations

…to local practice and the guidelines of the Swedish Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SFAI), together with the antidotes. Material for immobilisation: a…

Wound suturing

…ears and penis has been abandoned in the modern literature for commercial preparations at normal concentrations; be cautious nonetheless in known peripheral vascular disease and…

Non-ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina

…for 60 70% of ACS presentations, plaque rupture typically occurs in thin cap fibroatheromas (TCFAs). These vulnerable plaques possess a massive necrotic lipid core and…

Isoprenaline and Dopamine Infusions for Bradycardia

…or pulseless electrical activity (PEA). Evaluation and Physical Examination The source material does not provide specific details regarding the physical examination maneuvers for patients with…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…presenting feature. The source material emphasizes that patients and families should be educated to recognize chest discomfort or dyspnoea as potentially indicating myocardial infarction, particularly…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…artery. Plaque erosion or rupture exposes thrombogenic material to circulating blood. Platelets adhere, become activated, and aggregate through glycoprotein IIb/IIIa mediated fibrinogen bridging. Tissue…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

…be actively implemented. Adults with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg should receive both lifestyle and antihypertensive drug therapy. For grade 1 hypertension, pharmacological treatment has…

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