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Cardiac arrest due to hypoxia and asphyxia

…refers to a reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. Asphyxia is characterized by insufficient ventilation, leading to hypoxia. Etiologies of hypoxic cardiac arrest :…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…documentation is insufficient; check more frequently. Warfarin is often preferable <15 or dialysis DOACs are not recommended. Warfarin after individual assessment Rule of thumb for…

Arterial line

…Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site. Insufficient collateral circulation to the hand…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…adults. Here the posterior part of the iliac crest is thick, red marrow is abundant, and the distance to vessels and abdominal organs is large…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

…hypoxaemia. Hypoxaemic failure where high flow nasal oxygen is insufficient and the carbon dioxide is normal. Bilevel NIV: Acute exacerbation of COPD with respiratory acidosis …

Targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest

…ERC and ESICM recommendation is continuous core temperature measurement and the active prevention of fever — defined as a temperature above about 37.7–37.8…

🟠 ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score

…Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score is a clinical tool designed to estimate the risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing anticoagulation therapy…

🟠 Lipid lowering therapy after ACS

…C ≥ 1.4 mmol/L (55 mg/dL): • Add ezetimibe (if not already added earlier). • Add a PCSK9 inhibitor (if statin + ezetimibe combination is insufficient).

Invasive Coronary Angiography: Indications and Vascular Access

…do not always correspond. Visual estimation of luminal narrowing may therefore be insufficient when deciding whether an intermediate lesion should be revascularized. Coronary pressure assessment…

Aortic regurgitation

…the left ventricle during diastole. The hemodynamic consequences of aortic regurgitation depend on whether the condition develops acutely or gradually. Acute aortic regurgitation Acute aortic…

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