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Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…the anterior axillary line. Thoracostomy This method is generally deemed safer than using a needle due to reduced risk of injury. Thoracostomy should be performed…

Traumatic cardiac arrest

…commotio cordis, contusio cordis implies actual structural injury to the tissues. Manifestations of contusio cordis include: Arrhythmias : Ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias (bradyarrhythmia or tachyarrhythmia). Atrial…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…bearing skin. 5. Direct the jet upwards and backwards along the superior wall of the ear canal , past the plug — not straight at it. The…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…with a high BMI, and that the deltoid injection is placed too high — which causes the shoulder injury known as SIRVA. Both are avoided with…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…influences. The severity of myocardial injury is determined not only by the epicardial obstruction but also by the vulnerability of the myocardium and coronary microcirculation…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

Njurmedicin Lathundar Acute management on call Acute kidney injury, AKI, is a syndrome of rapidly deteriorating renal function. Management is governed not by the creatinine…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…laboratory medicine Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Myocardial infarction (MI) is a clinical diagnosis that integrates myocardial injury, evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia…

Reduction of dislocations

…longer a joint remains dislocated, the harder the reduction becomes and the greater the risk of chondral and neurovascular injury. Aim for reduction within a…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…ostia. It remains the reference standard for defining the extent of coronary artery disease because it provides anatomical information while permitting functional assessment and, when…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…and Pathophysiology Aortic dissection is a major form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), alongside intramural haematoma, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, aortic pseudoaneurysm and traumatic aortic injury…

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