…Flushing. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Caution Rarely used unless patient has a confirmed diagnosis of pheochromocytoma Treatment of hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma; treatment of dermal necrosis…

…renal impairment, and cerebrovascular accidents. HELLP syndrome is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy related hypertension also influences obstetric management. In late preterm preeclampsia…

…organ system involved. Possible manifestations include headache, visual disturbance, chest pain, dyspnoea, dizziness, and neurological deficits. Neurological involvement Hypertensive encephalopathy may present with somnolence, lethargy…

…headache, nausea and vomiting 8 to 24 hours Alcoholic hallucinosis, often visual, auditory or tactile hallucinations with a relatively clear level of consciousness and preserved…

…standing up, tilting the head backwards. A symptom free interval between attacks, with possible residual unsteadiness. No hearing loss, tinnitus or neurological deficits. In horizontal…

…or neuropathic pain, in chronic non cancer pain, or in headache. A failure to improve function is a reason to taper off, not to increase…

Procedurer Oxygen is a drug and must be prescribed as one: with an indication, a route of administration and a target range for the saturation…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…minute Adverse effects Headache. Flushing. Tachycardia. Nausea. Hypokalemia. Increased intra ocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. Caution Used cautiously in patients with glaucoma or increased…

…No effect on venous circulation. • May cause reflex sympathetic stimulation (can be counteracted with simultaneous administration of beta blockers). Effects Induces arteriolar vasodilation without effects…

…Adverse effects Tachycardia. Headache. Flushing. Edema. Dizziness. Caution Should be used cautiously in patients with myocardial ischemia and/or heart failure. Nicardipine doses and administration…

…Adverse effects Headache (cerebral vasodilation). Tachycardia (due to reflex sympathetic activation). Nausea. Vomiting. Flushing. Palpitations. Tolerance with prolonged use. Methemoglobinemia. Hypoxemia. Caution Proceed with caution…

…crisis [1,2]. A hypertensive emergency means a markedly raised blood pressure together with ongoing or new organ damage in which immediate, controlled blood pressure…

…New confusion Severe headache Persistent nausea Moderately reduced consciousness Marked gait instability The specificity of the symptoms is limited. In a patient with moderate symptoms…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…cannot be pursued. Patients receiving digoxin may present with symptoms of digitalis toxicity, which manifests across multiple organ systems. Non cardiac symptoms include headache, nausea…

…a structurally normal heart. During an episode, decreased cardiac output and a potential paradoxical vasodilation with hypotension occur, often accompanied by bradycardia. Most cases involve…

…transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with the pathway that enables reentry tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT and AVRT). These arrhythmias rely on AV node transmission…

…hyperkalemia and hypokalemia can induce life threatening arrhythmias and cardiac arrest, with hyperkalemia being the most prevalent electrolyte disturbance observed in cardiac arrest scenarios. Hypocalcemia…

…hours is 1000 mL. Adverse effects Headache. Nausea. Fever. Atrial fibrillation. Worsening of heart failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine…

…pacemaker is often necessary in the acute setting and is currently the only treatment with class I recommendation according to European (ESC) and North American …