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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…suspicion of portal hypertension? Variceal and ulcer bleeding are managed differently from the first minute. Peptic ulcer remains the commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…flushing or angio oedema, together with at least one of the following: airway compromise respiratory compromise circulatory compromise severe gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly after exposure to…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…wrong patient — a mislabelled tube, or an identity check performed at the nurses' station instead of at the bedside. The check against the patient's…

Paracentesis

…always. Every admission of a patient with known ascites. Clinical deterioration in a cirrhotic patient with ascites: fever, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, rising creatinine, gastrointestinal bleeding…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…other NSAIDs: Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when combined with acetylsalicylic acid. Uric acid excretion agents (e.g., probenecid): Salicylates counteract the effect of probenecid…

🟠 Prasugrel (Effient, Efient, Prasita)

…surgery, gastrointestinal bleeding, or active peptic ulcer). Patients weighing < 60 kg (maintenance dose of 5 mg recommended instead of 10 mg). Patients receiving medications…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…was accompanied by increased serious gastrointestinal bleeding and a non significant increase in cerebral haemorrhage. Bleeding outcomes The principal harm of aspirin in primary prevention…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…be considered anginal equivalents. The emergency evaluation of non traumatic chest discomfort is structured around three principal diagnostic categories: Myocardial ischaemia , particularly acute coronary syndrome…

Torsades de Pointes: Definition, Characteristics, and Management

…antihistamines, and the gastrointestinal stimulant cisapride [1]. The estimated incidence of DI LQTS and DI TdP is drug dependent, ranging between 1% and 8% for…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

…or upper gastrointestinal tract, ileus and ongoing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Marked agitation or inability to cooperate. Copious secretions without an effective cough. Choice of method…

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