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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…ulcer bleeding are managed differently from the first minute. Peptic ulcer remains the commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but the differential diagnosis includes oesophagitis…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…flushing or angio oedema, together with at least one of the following: airway compromise respiratory compromise circulatory compromise severe gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly after exposure to…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

… a higher threshold may be considered individually in ongoing ischaemia Upper gastrointestinal bleeding that has been stabilised 70 g/L — a more liberal strategy gives…

Paracentesis

…patient with ascites: fever, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, rising creatinine, gastrointestinal bleeding, leucocytosis or acidosis. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous peritonitis or pancreatic ascites. Therapeutic paracentesis: Tense ascites…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…g., coumarin derivatives or heparin—except low dose heparin). Patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Patients with severe kidney disease (glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min)…

🟠 Prasugrel (Effient, Efient, Prasita)

…any of the excipients. Active pathological bleeding , such as gastrointestinal bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage. History of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Severely impaired liver…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…established ASCVD, its potential reduction in non fatal myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke must be weighed against clinically important gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding. Evidence in…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…aortic emergencies, and pneumothorax. Non cardiopulmonary causes , including gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and anxiety related disorders. The immediate objective is not simply to establish whether the patient…

Torsades de Pointes: Definition, Characteristics, and Management

…antimicrobials, antihistamines, and the gastrointestinal stimulant cisapride [1]. The estimated incidence of DI LQTS and DI TdP is drug dependent, ranging between 1% and 8…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

…that make a seal impossible. Recent surgery on the oesophagus or upper gastrointestinal tract, ileus and ongoing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Marked agitation or inability to…

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