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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening and Surveillance

…pain in the abdomen, chest, lower back or scrotum. Aneurysmal pain is clinically important because it may herald rupture and constitutes a medical emergency. Rupture…

Casting and immobilisation

…padding, folds and lumps are the commonest cause of pressure sores. 4. Dip the plaster in tepid water and squeeze out the excess without wringing…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…beneath the nail folds. It is these that must be destroyed during matrix ablation — miss the horn and the nail spike returns in the same…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

…associated with reductions in sudden cardiac death and atrial fibrillation. Dietary quality also affects energy balance. Highly processed foods may promote greater ad libitum intake…

Acquired QT Prolongation and Drug-Induced Arrhythmia

…patients frequently experience PVCs and runs of non sustained VT. Sustained episodes of TdP will degenerate to VF, necessitating immediate defibrillation. In the context of…

Resistant Hypertension: Evaluation and Treatment

…to six fold higher in affected adults. True, apparent, and pseudo resistant hypertension The term resistant hypertension should be reserved for patients in whom the…

Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk Management

…condition. It is associated with a two to four fold increase in lifetime cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and approximately doubles cardiovascular risk on average. Its…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…decompensated heart failure, and uncontrolled arrhythmias. Pharmacologic stress agents have specific contraindications: Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Regadenoson : Should be avoided in patients with active bronchospasm, severe hypotension…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…in each eye separately , with the patient's usual glasses and then through a pinhole. This is done before any drops. 2. Inspect the eyelids…

Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease

…three fold greater prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than the general population. The evidence for premature atherosclerosis is particularly strong in RA and…

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