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Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…Important interpretation of the blood gas A normal or rising pCO₂ during an ongoing severe asthma attack is an alarm sign. Early in a severe…

Management of bradycardia (bradyarrhythmia)

…blood pressure, rather than ECG, are the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes. Non acute or asymptomatic bradycardia Non acute bradycardia is a common finding in…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…result, pupils often dilate widely within 30–120 seconds of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other words…

Interpretation of neonatal and pediatric electrocardiograms (ECG)

…familiar with normal findings, normal variants, and pathology in neonates, infants and during the childhood years. Below follows a discussion on each of the nine…

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re-entry (reentry)

…into the following categories: Bradyarrhythmia s (bradycardia): arrhythmias commonly due to dysfunctional automaticity in pacemaker cells or blocking of impulses somewhere along the conduction system…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…percent No risk of hypercapnia and a normal blood gas Usually 94 to 98 percent An individually documented target prescription, for example in chronic hypercapnia…

Pre-test Probability and Selection of Non-invasive Testing in Stable Angina

…because the clinical value of any diagnostic test depends not only on its sensitivity and specificity but also on disease prevalence in the population being…

Sinus arrhythmia (respiratory sinus arrhythmia)

…finding among older individuals. In that scenario it might be explained by myocardial ischemia (affecting the sinoatrial node), sinus node dysfunction or side effects of…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

Procedurer Three of the commonest minor procedures in general practice concern the nails, and all three rest on the same foundation: an effective digital block…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…Urgency : : Button battery Immediately — leakage of fluid causes a chemical burn Two or more magnets (including in different nostrils) Immediately — pressure necrosis across the septum…

Courses
The Normal ECG: From Normality to Pathology

In the second part of the course you will learn all about the normal ECG, normal variants and diagnosis of pathological findings. A total of…

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