Cardiology Definition and pathophysiology Blood pressure is a continuous cardiovascular exposure rather than a binary distinction between normotension and hypertension. Its long term relationship with…

…disability, exposure (ABCDE) approach is applicable in bradycardia (Figure 1). Cardiac output and blood pressure, rather than ECG, are the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes…

…and hibernating myocardium, at the expense of higher radiation exposure and blurrier images. The absence of thallium uptake indicates non viable myocardium, while redistribution into…

…atherosclerotic disease. Pathophysiology Mechanisms of acute coronary syndrome The major mechanisms producing acute coronary syndromes are: Plaque rupture with exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque…

Procedurer For many patients a gynaecological examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination…

…to a significant increase in exposure to ticagrelor. Dosage: Acute Coronary Syndromes Treatment with Ticagrelor should start with a loading dose of 180 mg (two…

…occupational exposure to dust, gas or fumes. Preoperative assessment before thoracic or upper abdominal surgery in a patient with known lung disease. Follow up of…

…and mortality. Risk factor modification is therefore directed at identifying individuals at increased risk and reducing exposure to established, modifiable determinants of cardiovascular disease. The…

Critical care Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue and end organ perfusion caused by cardiac insufficiency…

…needed. Intubate for a threatened airway, a marked risk of aspiration, or failure that is not rapidly reversed by an antidote B Respiratory rate, saturation…

…although the exact exposure threshold and duration required are not established. The source material identifies chronic intake of approximately 60 g daily in males and…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and pathophysiology Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide and in the United States. In the…

…other nephrotoxic exposures may contribute to tubular injury, making attribution to contrast alone difficult. In patients with normal renal function, the occurrence of contrast induced…

Psykiatri Akutsjukvård Lathundar Rapid summary Alcohol withdrawal occurs after an abrupt reduction or cessation of prolonged and heavy alcohol intake. The condition can develop despite…

…after exposure to a known or probable allergen , even if skin symptoms are absent [1,4]. Typical warning symptoms are: hoarseness, stridor, swelling of the…

…mg once daily. Rationale: Patients in this age group have higher bleeding risk and increased exposure to the active metabolite of prasugrel. Patients weighing <…

…and adverse environmental exposures are associated with continued or resumed smoking after the acute event and warrant particular attention. Cardiovascular benefits of cessation The principal…

…Regardless of the initiating mechanism, the exposure of thrombogenic material triggers a rapid cascade of platelet adhesion (mediated by von Willebrand factor and Glycoprotein Ib…

…emotional upset, or cold exposure. The absence of chest pain does not exclude clinically important CCS. Silent or minimally symptomatic disease may occur in patients…

…smoking exposure, and physical inactivity. The interaction between these acquired risks and age related cardiovascular remodeling contributes to the high incidence and prevalence of coronary…

…characterized by persistently elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) from early life and a consequent excess risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)…

…magnitude of LDL C reduction. Thus, even a modest absolute reduction may be clinically important in individuals at high or very high risk. Prolonged exposure…

…by separation within the coronary arterial wall, usually through formation of an intramural haematoma that compresses the true lumen. The resulting reduction in coronary blood…

…saline solution (NaCl) if suspected of toxin exposure. Gastrointestinal lavage is infrequently employed due to aspiration risks and inconclusive evidence. However, in cases of iron…

…an exposure Concussion, temporal bone injury, dissection, aminoglycoside toxicity, antiepileptic drugs, alcohol or sedatives Trauma and medication directed workup This corresponds to the principles of…

…Drug Standard dose Reduced dose and criterion : : : Apixaban 5 mg twice daily 2.5 mg twice daily if at least two of: age ≥80 years…

…atherosclerotic plaque, and the severity and distribution of coronary stenosis. Modern cardiac CT can acquire a three dimensional cardiac dataset within approximately 5–15 seconds…

…renal function. By contrast, hypertensive urgency describes severe hypertension without clinical evidence of acute, ongoing target organ damage. Although BP reduction is required, these patients…

…reducing the dose or stopping therapy. It is divided clinically into: Complete intolerance: inability to tolerate any dose of any statin. Partial intolerance: inability to…

…and reproducibility of symptoms. Associated syncope or palpitations, which may indicate bradyarrhythmia or ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Smoking exposure. Symptoms or diagnoses suggestive of migraine or Rayn

…single breath hold No intravenous line No premedication No special preparation Radiation exposure of approximately 1–1.5 mSv with contemporary techniques The total CAC…

…min Clinical assessment of the focus; check previous culture results, antibiotics, allergies, renal function, health care exposure and the risk of resistant organisms 0 to…

…broader interval of approximately 1–8 weeks. The pathogenesis is presumed to be immune mediated. Pericardial injury, necrosis, bleeding, or pleural incision may expose cardiac…

…L) — choose the subcutaneous route if possible, otherwise give IM with a fine needle and 5 minutes of compression. Anticoagulant treatment is not in itself…