Echocardiography Pericardial diseases: effusion and tamponade A long series of conditions can affect the pericardium (pericardium). The most common of these are acute pericarditis (perimyocarditis…

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Eletrical alternans: an ECG sign of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade The pericardial space (cavity) always contains a small amount…

…40 ms Left atrial enlargement Low voltage QRS < 5 mm in the limb leads or < 10 mm in the chest leads Pericardial effusion…

…shoulder), 0.5–0.6 × 25 mm for small joints (wrist, finger joints). A 20–50 mL syringe for a knee with a large effusion…

…the only absolute indication, and always urgent. A large pericardial effusion with symptoms despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy…

… ultrasound guidance is mandatory) Relative A very small or loculated effusion — consider image guided puncture in the radiology department The thresholds for the INR and…

…Type A IMH may cause: Aortic regurgitation Haemopericardium or pericardial effusion Aortic rupture Proximal aortic complications Malperfusion and pulse deficits are less common in type…

…tamponade with a relatively small volume, whereas a slowly enlarging effusion may reach a much larger size before producing haemodynamic compromise. As intrapericardial pressure rises…

…characteristic clinical syndrome consists of: Malaise Fever Pericardial or chest discomfort Leukocytosis Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate Pericardial effusion Pericardial pain is often sharp and pleuritic…

…acute myocardial infarction. Clinical examination may reveal pericardial friction rub and the echocardiogram may show increased fluid in the pericardial cavity ( pericardial effusion ). Hemodynamic compromise…