…patients with valve prostheses or other cardiac devices (pacemaker, CRT, ICD). In addition to staphylococcus aureus , hemolytic streptococci and pneumococci cause acute endocarditis. Other microorganisms…

…plasmapheresis or other extracorporeal therapy (requires a large bore dialysis catheter, not an ordinary triple lumen catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure and central venous…

…arteries or in heart muscle. In other words, the heart today is anatomically the same as it was yesterday except that an electrical charge developed…

…an acute or subacute worsening of dyspnoea, cough and sputum in particular that exceeds the patient's normal variation and requires a change of treatment…

…Measure the plasma glucose immediately in everyone with a reduced level of consciousness, seizures, confusion, a change in behaviour, collapse or an acute neurological deficit…

…manoeuvre. Indications Brief attacks of vertigo, seconds to a minute or so, that are provoked by a change of position — turning over in bed, lying…

…proportion of painless or silent STEMIs is greater in patients with diabetes mellitus and increases with age. STEMI may present as sudden onset breathlessness. Other…

…a spectrum of clinical presentations caused by suspected acute myocardial ischaemia. It includes patients with recent changes in symptoms or clinical signs, with or without…

…The anterior superior iliac spine is a second line alternative in marked obesity or when the supine position is necessary. After previous punctures: change side…

…Basic principles of treatment The patient should be managed in an emergency department, an intensive care unit, a coronary care unit or another setting that…