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Articles
Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…closer monitoring — the patient cannot feel pressure injury Peripheral neuropathy of other cause As above Severe pain Titrate the pressure up gradually Rheumatoid arthritis with…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…procedure. Photograph and draw in the site before the local anaesthetic is given — the anaesthetic can make a subtle lesion hard to find again, and…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…other pigmented lesion of uncertain diagnosis. A lesion in which histology is needed for management. Cryoglobulinaemia, cold agglutinin disease, cold urticaria. Relative: Basal cell carcinoma…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…absent in most diagnosed patients. Reliance on hypokalaemia alone therefore misses a substantial proportion of cases. The cardiorenal and cerebrovascular consequences of unrecognized PA make…

Pulmonary stenosis

…disease : Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome that occurs due to carcinomas secreting kallikrein and serotonin. In the heart, this can lead to thickening of…

Pulmonary regurgitation

…The regurgitation results in blood flowing back from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle during diastole. The most common cause of abnormal pulmonary regurgitation…

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

…1). Carcinoid heart disease. Endocarditis (common in intravenous drug addicts). Myxomatous degeneration. Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium…

Mitral valve stenosis

…dilation. Atrial dilation causes a significantly increased risk of atrial fibrillation. The increase in left atrial pressure may also propagate backward to the pulmonary circulation…

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