…osteoarthritis related joint disease. Contraindications Infection of the skin or soft tissues over the puncture site — use another approach or refrain. Bacteraemia without suspicion of…

…the nasal bone instead of the soft part, and lets go after two minutes. Management is a ladder — compression, cautery, anterior packing — and each step…

…perforation — Seidel's sign, an irregular pupil, a soft globe — because a perforated eye must never be instrumented, have its pressure measured, or be palpated…

Conduction defects ECG Fascicular block (hemiblock): left anterior fascicular block & left posterior fascicular block Fascicular blocks were previously referred to as hemiblocks, but the latter…

Echocardiography Tricuspid regurgitation The tricuspid valve separates the right ventricle and the right atrium. It normally consists of three leaflets (anterior, posterior and septal leaflet)…

…narrowing of the left main coronary artery, which supplies the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary territories. Because these vessels perfuse a large proportion…

…endocardium, typically overlying an akinetic or dyskinetic myocardial segment after myocardial infarction (MI). It is particularly associated with extensive anterior or transmural infarction, apical dysfunction…

…acute coronary syndromes. The LMCA supplies a large myocardial territory through the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCx) arteries (Figure 1). Acute obstruction…

…annular circumference. The posterior leaflet generally has two distinct indentations which divide it into three scallops, P1 (anterior or medial scallop), P2 (middle scallop), and…

…For example, if there is acute ischemia located in the anterior wall and there is ST segment elevation in lead V3, then there should also…