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Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…in pulmonary embolism is up to 20%, and roughly 30% of patients with pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis experience a second thrombotic event within…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…heart failure Acute pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, or deep vein thrombosis Acute myocarditis or pericarditis Acute aortic dissection Physical disability that precludes safe and adequate…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…in venous thromboembolism Treatment doses in deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism differ from the atrial fibrillation doses and include an initial high dose phase…

Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

…Decompensated heart failure. Acute pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis. Acute myocarditis, pericarditis or endocarditis. Acute aortic dissection. Physical inability to perform the test safely…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…underlying process usually involves acute thrombotic obstruction of an epicardial coronary artery. A vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque and thrombogenic blood interact to initiate and extend thrombosis…

Indications, Contraindications, and Preparations for Exercise Stress Testing

…stenosis – due to risk of syncope, ischemia, and arrhythmias Endocarditis – due to risk of embolization Deep venous thrombosis – due to risk of embolization Relative contraindications…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…medicine Emergency medicine Definition and pathophysiology Acute limb ischaemia (ALI) is an abrupt reduction in arterial perfusion of an upper or lower limb that causes…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

…and epigastrium, combined with patient denial, often leads to a mistaken impression of indigestion. STEMI pain can simulate pain from acute pericarditis, pulmonary embolism, acute…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…on circulating thrombotic and fibrinolytic factors. Plaque erosion Plaque erosion is increasingly recognized and is present in at least one third of acute coronary syndromes…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…events in the setting of a stent thrombosis or restenosis. Type 1 myocardial infarction Definition and pathophysiology Type 1 MI results from acute coronary atherothrombosis…

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