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Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…myocardial blood flow and measured tracer activity over a wide range (Murthy et al.). As evident in Figure 1, 15 O water is the only…

Oesophageal ECG

…7. When the tip reaches the pharynx: let the patient take a mouthful of water and hold it. Advance the electrode at the very moment…

Cardiac electrophysiology and ECG interpretation

…which spreads through the myocardium like a wavefront in water. Specific ion channels located on the cell membranes open and close during de and repolarization…

Introduction to Cardiac Pacing and Devices: Pacemaker, ICD, CRT

…mechanism requires the atria and the ventricles to be activated rapidly and sequentially. Rapid activation is important in order to activate as much myocardium simultaneously…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…and body temperature water for irrigation. Small children need help to keep still. Sedation is usually better than physical restraint — ketamine provides both immobilisation and…

Wound suturing

…tap water or sodium chloride 9 mg/mL. The volume matters more than the fluid; irrigate under pressure through a 20 mL syringe and a…

Physical Activity Prescription for Cardiovascular Prevention

…Assessment Before Prescription Physical activity should be assessed and prescribed using the components of: Frequency Intensity Time or duration Type Progression The prescription should be…

Ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity and sudden cardiac arrest

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology ECG Ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and sudden cardiac arrest This chapter will focus on ventricular fibrillation and pulseless electrical activity…

Sotalol: Initiation, QT Monitoring and Renal Dosing

…d and l isomers, which share similar efficacy in prolonging repolarization. However, the l isomer is responsible for virtually all of the beta blocking activity…

Status epilepticus: quick reference for emergency treatment

…not wake or if ongoing electrographic seizure activity is suspected Benzodiazepines are the established first line treatment. Intravenous lorazepam and diazepam are effective, and intramuscular…

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