…declined steadily ever since. The marked decline in death rates and case fatality is most likely explained by successful primary preventive strategies, such as reduced…

…undergoing either primary or delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Contraindications Prasugrel should not be used in the following situations: Hypersensitivity to the active substance or…

…of the Electrical Axis The heart's electrical axis represents the net vectoral sum of all active electrical wavefronts at any given point in time…

…not delay reperfusion. 5. Give aspirin if acute coronary syndrome is likely and aortic dissection or active major bleeding is not suspected. 6. Call the…

…or a dressing alone. Contraindications Primary closure must be avoided or considered carefully in: Bite wounds — particularly cat and human bites, and all bites on…

…further reducing myocardial workload. 1 The pharmacokinetic profile of levosimendan is modulated by the presence of an active metabolite, which exerts sustained hemodynamic effects for…

…The largest relative improvement occurs when an inactive person becomes even modestly active, while additional activity continues to confer benefit with progressively smaller incremental effects…

…steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Other contraindications: Hemophilia. Thrombocytopenia. Active gastric or duodenal ulcers. Liver cirrhosis. Severe heart failure. Doses 100 mg/day during the…

…DICT = Drug induced cardiotoxicity Trade Name Generic/Proper Name(s) Active Ingredient(s) Cardiotoxicity Label Section DICT Concern Cardiac side effects Severity of cardiotoxicity…

…hypertensive emergency. Acute left ventricular failure. Mechanism of action Enalaprilat is the active metabolite (ester) of enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalaprilat lowers…

…a major site of disease, atherosclerosis is systemic and may affect multiple arterial territories. The arterial wall is biologically active. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells…

…clinician. The examination is typically as brief as the intervals required for rhythm checks. Achieving clear echocardiographic windows during active compressions is challenging; however, subcostal…

…which is not supported by evidence. The patient may need active treatment and prompt follow up, but not necessarily acute normalisation in the emergency department…

…before transfusion if this can be done without delay. 5. Start active warming and use a blood warmer. 6. Take a blood gas with lactate…

…and in renal failure Morphine PO 5–10 mg as needed The active metabolite accumulates in renal failure Oxycodone IV 2.5–5 mg Oxycodone…

…weeks 1.5 Previous deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism 1.5 Haemoptysis 1 Active malignancy 1 Two level interpretation: ≤ 4 points means pulmonary embolism…

…carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma 3–4 mm punch or shave Diagnostic biopsy before definitive surgery Inflammatory dermatosis 4 mm punch from the active edge, not…

…abdominal surgery in a patient with known lung disease. Follow up of treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease…

…difference in mortality or neurological outcome TTM2 (2021) 33 °C versus normothermia with active fever prevention (intervention at ≥ 37.8 °C) No difference in 6…

…heart attack and a high risk of developing an atherothrombotic event. Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any excipient. Active bleeding. Previous intracranial hemorrhage…

…The agent undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, yielding desethylamiodarone as a major active metabolite. Both the parent drug and its metabolite accumulate extensively in various tissues…

…may provide information comparable to BNP and NT proBNP in heart failure (HF). The biologically active natriuretic peptides promote vasodilation, renal sodium and water excretion…

…Abdominal obesity is a major driving force. Visceral adipose tissue is metabolically active and produces proinflammatory mediators. Increased free fatty acid flux and impaired insulin…

…PDEI) activity, which may contribute to its inotropic profile. The drug possesses an active, acetylated metabolite with a half life exceeding 80 hours, allowing for…

…antero lateral) does not affect success, but active compression of the pads lowers defibrillation thresholds and improves success, and maximum fixed energy shocks outperform low…

…4.0 cm 2 . Aortic stenosis is a progressive disease that leads to a gradual reduction in the orifice area. As the area is reduced…

…arrhythmias. Pharmacologic stress agents have specific contraindications: Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Regadenoson : Should be avoided in patients with active bronchospasm, severe hypotension, or high degree AV block…

…depolarization (i.e they display automaticity) and can therefore act as latent pacemakers (which become active when atrial impulses do not reach the atrioventricular node)…

…filling (rapid passive filling) Passive emptying of the left atrium Diastasis No ventricular filling Atrial contraction Active emptying (contraction) of the left atrium Figure 2…

…through statements made to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a bar…

…unchanged ECG. Both, however, need rapid assessment and an active treatment plan. Initial assessment and sampling Immediate measures Assess airway, breathing and circulation. Attach continuous…

… avoid morphine Morphine has an active renally excreted metabolite that causes late sedation and respiratory depression Marked liver failure A reduced dose of all of…

…is reasonable in: a reduced level of consciousness with inadequate protective reflexes active major haematemesis severe agitation respiratory failure an anticipated difficult or prolonged endoscopic…

…hypertensive emergency. Acute left ventricular failure. Mechanism of action Enalaprilat is the active metabolite (ester) of enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalaprilat lowers…

…active cancer, and other conditions incorporated into validated clinical risk tools Acute RV failure is a rapidly progressive syndrome characterized by systemic congestion resulting from…

…inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) that include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, vasculitides, mixed connective tissue disease, myositis, Sjögren syndrome…

…after at least 24 hours of stabilization, provided that active ischaemia and haemodynamic or electrical instability are absent. A resting transthoracic echocardiogram is useful before…

…2. Pacemaker lead. Lead fixation to the myocardium may be active , meaning that the cathode consists of a screw that is inserted into the myocardium…

…hypertensive emergency. Acute left ventricular failure. Mechanism of action Enalaprilat is the active metabolite (ester) of enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalaprilat lowers…