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Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…is strongly associated with extensive atherosclerosis and frequently occurs in older patients with multiple vascular comorbidities. An isolated PAU is one without associated IMH, dissection…

Paracentesis

…or catheterise, before puncture Pregnancy, previous extensive abdominal surgery Ultrasound guidance; choose a new site if in doubt Cellulitis over the insertion site Change the…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…Children, pregnant women, patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and patients treated with CAR T cells or other advanced immunotherapies may require separate local protocols…

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening and Surveillance

…and constitutes a medical emergency. Rupture may occur without preceding symptoms. Typical acute manifestations include severe pain, hypotension and abdominal tenderness. Leakage or rupture is…

Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and Pathophysiology Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities centred on abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure and…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

…palpitations, back pain and selected cases of upper abdominal pain. An ECG recording costs approximately $10 (10€) and may reduce morbidity and mortality substantially in…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…new onset marked weakness rapidly progressive symptoms from several organ systems severe abdominal pain or repeated vomiting after probable allergen exposure sudden hypotension or severe…

Anthropometric measurements

…and without compressing the skin. Ratios and other measurements Measurement Calculation Threshold : : : Waist–hip ratio Waist / hip Men 0.90, women 0.85 = abdominal…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…red marrow is abundant, and the distance to vessels and abdominal organs is large. The sternum may be used for aspiration when the iliac crest…

Nasogastric tube

…however, indicated routinely after uncomplicated abdominal surgery — it prolongs the time to return of bowel function without reducing the risk of complications. Contraindications Type Condition…

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