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🟠 Aorta, aortic stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation (AR)

…adjusted Aortic annulus 20 31 mm 12 14 mm/m2 Sinus valsalva 29 45 mm 15 20 mm/m2 Sinotubular junction 22 36 mm 13…

Echocardiography

…indexed Aortic annulus 20 31 mm 12 14 mm/m2 Sinuses of Valsalva 29 45 mm 15 20 mm/m2 Sinotubular junction 22 36 mm…

Anthropometric measurements

…irrespective of sex Mid upper arm circumference Midpoint of the upper arm < 23 cm suggests undernutrition in adults Calf circumference Largest circumference < 31…

Paediatric and neonatal ECG interpretation

…Method of interpretation Heart rate Heart rhythm The P wave The PR interval The QRS complex The ST segment The T wave The U wave…

🟠 Reference values for pediatric and neonatal ECG

…168 ( 135) 65–171 ( 134) 76–168 ( 133) 65–159 (110) 31–115 (75) 7–105 (60) 7–98 (54) 8–100 (55) 7–104…

🟠 Right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary artery pressure

…% 32–60 25–31 18–24 <17 Tricuspid valve Tricuspid valve regurgitation Primary parameters Mild regurgiation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation PISA radius < 0,6…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…one third of the patients who ultimately had a favorable neurological recovery exhibited an abnormal pupillary reflex upon initial examination. Notably, 31.2% of patients…

Reference values for pediatric and neonatal ECG

…168 ( 135) 65–171 ( 134) 76–168 ( 133) 65–159 (110) 31–115 (75) 7–105 (60) 7–98 (54) 8–100 (55) 7–104…

Oxygen therapy

…28, 31, 35, 40 or 50 % Gives a fixed, known FiO2 independently of the patient's breathing pattern. The first choice where there is a…

🟠 Left ventricular dimension and systolic function

…3.3–3.4 3.5–3.7 3.8 2.2–3.1 3.2–3.4 3.5–3.6 3.7 LV…

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