…< 1 suggests steatohepatitis or viral hepatitis. An isolated raised ALP — check the GGT. A normal GGT shifts the suspicion to bone, pregnancy or malignancy…

…system. The underlying pathophysiology varies widely and may involve intrinsic cardiac disease, extrinsic systemic conditions, or pharmacologic effects. Inflammatory heart disease, caused by infections (viral…

…and sputum in particular that exceeds the patient's normal variation and requires a change of treatment. Common precipitants are viral infection, bacterial infection and…

…outcomes. The vast majority of infections with COVID 19 result in mild disease, with symptoms similar to seasonal flu (influenza) and other viral respiratory infections…

…tamponade. Causes of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade The most common cause of pericardial effusion is infections, such as viral, bacterial, and tuberculous infections. Post…

…viral infections. This explains why pericarditis may affect individuals of all ages. However, a wide range of local and systemic conditions may cause pericarditis. The…

…compression and tamponade even without a large circumferential effusion. Causes Tamponade shares the causes of pericardial effusion. Important clinical associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis…

…risks loss of suppression. Clinical presentation and symptoms The source material does not describe specific symptoms or physical manifestations of HTG. Moderate HTG is primarily…

…sinus node dysfunction occur after tachyarrhythmia; the combination of tachyarrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction is referred to as tachy brady syndrome . Neurocardiogenic syndrome (which includes…

…100 mmHg) See the intensive care parameters for ventilator settings. Oxygen targets Aim for a saturation of 92–96 % in most patients, and 88–92 …

…PE) ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ Vital signs and measures of perfusion Parameter Normal Comment : : : Heart rate 50–100/min MAP 70–105 mmHg Target ≥ 65…

…The condition is associated with falls, aspiration, pressure sores, loss of function, longer length of stay, institutional care, readmission, cognitive decline and increased mortality [3…

…Injection IV: • 150 μg in 1 ml vial. Dilute with 10 ml of normal saline and give by slow injection over 5 10 minutes…

…60 to 65 mmHg is generally considered the minimum threshold necessary to ensure sufficient blood flow to vital organs such as the brain and kidneys…

…life are absent, and the patient's coldness can mimic post mortem conditions. Therefore, a meticulous assessment of vital signs is crucial. Exceptionally high survival…

…antidote is not available, it is essential to provide supportive care and maintain vital functions artificially until the substance undergoes renal elimination, hepatic elimination or…

…in pregnancy — a speculum may be used, but not digital examination until the position of the placenta is known. Recent gynaecological surgery. Preparation and equipment…

…if the temperature criterion is not met. The first hour Step Action : : 1 ABCDE, full vital signs, level of consciousness, and repeated assessment of the…

…in isolation. The initial diagnosis and triage depend on integration of symptoms, vital signs, the ECG, and serial cardiac troponin measurements. Evaluation and physical examin

…severity Symptoms that awaken the patient from sleep Clinical assessment must be integrated with vital signs, a 12 lead ECG, and serial hs cTn measurements…

…changes of pregnancy. Evaluation and Physical Examination The source material does not provide a detailed description of the physical examination maneuvers specific to the evaluation…

…and Physical Examination At first medical contact, assessment should occur concurrently with acquisition of the initial ECG. Evaluation includes prompt measurement of vital signs and…

…cerebral, and pulmonary tissue. Chest compressions produce perfusion of vital organs by increasing the pressure in the atria, ventricles and large vessels. This results in…