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Liver parameters

…< 1 suggests steatohepatitis or viral hepatitis. An isolated raised ALP — check the GGT. A normal GGT shifts the suspicion to bone, pregnancy or malignancy…

Isoprenaline and Dopamine Infusions for Bradycardia

…system. The underlying pathophysiology varies widely and may involve intrinsic cardiac disease, extrinsic systemic conditions, or pharmacologic effects. Inflammatory heart disease, caused by infections (viral…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…and sputum in particular that exceeds the patient's normal variation and requires a change of treatment. Common precipitants are viral infection, bacterial infection and…

Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

…outcomes. The vast majority of infections with COVID 19 result in mild disease, with symptoms similar to seasonal flu (influenza) and other viral respiratory infections…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…tamponade. Causes of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade The most common cause of pericardial effusion is infections, such as viral, bacterial, and tuberculous infections. Post…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

…viral infections. This explains why pericarditis may affect individuals of all ages. However, a wide range of local and systemic conditions may cause pericarditis. The…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…compression and tamponade even without a large circumferential effusion. Causes Tamponade shares the causes of pericardial effusion. Important clinical associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis…

Hypertriglyceridaemia: Management and Cardiovascular Risk

…risks loss of suppression. Clinical presentation and symptoms The source material does not describe specific symptoms or physical manifestations of HTG. Moderate HTG is primarily…

Indications for pacemaker

…sinus node dysfunction occur after tachyarrhythmia; the combination of tachyarrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction is referred to as tachy brady syndrome . Neurocardiogenic syndrome (which includes…

Lung function and respiration

…100 mmHg) See the intensive care parameters for ventilator settings. Oxygen targets Aim for a saturation of 92–96 % in most patients, and 88–92 …

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