…a massive necrotic lipid core and a highly inflamed fibrous cap measuring less than 65 micrometers in thickness. Macrophage derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the…

…are performed in primary care but interpreted as specialist investigations. Both fail more often for practical than for medical reasons: the cuff is in the…

…possible, the right leg must be intact. In the case ofblockade of the right bundle of His (RBBB) , the ventricle can not depolarize normally, which…

…myxomas. Papillary fibroelastoma Papillary fibroelastoma is benign primary tumors affecting adults. These tumors most often occur in the aortic valve and the mitral valve. generally…

…expected pCO₂ or HCO₃. A value outside the expected range means there is a further primary disorder 4 Is there a metabolic acidosis? Calculate the…

…In a suspected Addisonian crisis, hydrocortisone must be given immediately — the test must never delay treatment. Indications Suspected primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease): fatigue…

…those who did, only a minority had a reduced value — the majority of sudden cardiac deaths occur in patients with preserved LVEF, for whom no…

…a documented rise and/or fall of cTn values. However, myocardial injury alone is an entity in itself and may arise from non ischaemic cardiac…

…30 mm ​Indexing means that the value is adjusted for body surface area (BSA), given in square metres. Aorta, standardised values Standardised values (mean ± SD…

…stricture, tumour, primary biliary cholangitis, drugs Mixed Both raised Drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause Isolated bilirubin Unconjugated, the others normal Gilbert's…