…urinary tract and neurology 7 Give an intravenous antipseudomonal beta lactam as soon as possible, aiming for within 60 minutes 8 Give oxygen, fluid and…

…airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always assess the severity clinically, whatever the DS CRB65 score. Urinary tract Diagnosis…

…urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of renal function Doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, moxifloxacin and…

…the bowel or the urinary tract. Marked bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome or high grade AV block without pacemaker protection. Asthma and other marked obstructive airways…

…anaesthesia. Bladder washout and continuous irrigation in macroscopic haematuria with clots (a three way catheter). Instillation therapy and contrast studies of the urinary tract. Wound…

…kidneys and urinary tract when a postrenal cause cannot confidently be excluded. 10. Contact nephrology early in severe, progressive or diagnostically unclear AKI. Definition and…

…MCPA) and methotrexate overdose. Tumour lysis syndrome appears as an indication in older protocols but is no longer routinely recommended — alkaline urine increases the precipitation…

…3 months and have health implications. Diagnostic criteria include an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m², excess urinary albumin…

…not the end. In a frail older patient an apparently small insult — sleep deprivation, urinary retention or a new sedative drug, for example — may be…

…following 24 to 48 hours [3,4,6]. This is a general principle, not a universal target. Chronic hypertension shifts autoregulation in the brain and…

…renal impairment, and cerebrovascular accidents. HELLP syndrome is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy related hypertension also influences obstetric management. In late preterm preeclampsia…

…sustaining treatment. Preparation and equipment Continuous core temperature measurement. An oesophageal probe or a urinary catheter with a temperature sensor are the first choice; rectal…

…Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the kidneys, retina, and brain…

…of uric acid and may contribute to hyperuricaemia. Uric acid may promote hypertension through effects on the endothelium. Increased asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of…