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Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…lungs, abdomen, urinary tract and neurology 7 Give an intravenous antipseudomonal beta lactam as soon as possible, aiming for within 60 minutes 8 Give oxygen…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always assess the severity clinically, whatever the DS CRB65 score. Urinary tract Diagnosis…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of…

Edrophonium test

…EMG about 95 %). Contraindications Known hypersensitivity to edrophonium. Mechanical obstruction of the bowel or the urinary tract. Marked bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome or high grade…

Urinary catheterisation

…Instillation therapy and contrast studies of the urinary tract. Wound healing with a sacral pressure sore or extensive perineal wounds where urinary leakage prevents healing…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…other underlying cause immediately. 9. Request ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary tract when a postrenal cause cannot confidently be excluded. 10. Contact nephrology early…

Urinary alkalinisation

…equipment for arterial sampling. Urinary catheter with hourly urine output measurement — the treatment cannot be guided without reliable measurement of urine output. Baseline tests: blood…

Chronic Kidney Disease as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

…Classification of CKD CKD severity is classified by eGFR and albuminuria. The following categories describe the principal eGFR stages: CKD stage eGFR Clinical context Cardiovascular…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…diagnosis of delirium is therefore the beginning of the investigation, not the end. In a frail older patient an apparently small insult — sleep deprivation, urinary…

Hypertensive crisis: drugs and doses

…pressure can cause serious organ damage even at lower levels, particularly in pregnancy [1,2]. Malignant hypertension is not entirely synonymous with a hypertensive emergency…

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