…EMG about 95 %). Contraindications Known hypersensitivity to edrophonium. Mechanical obstruction of the bowel or the urinary tract. Marked bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome or high grade…

…lungs, abdomen, urinary tract and neurology 7 Give an intravenous antipseudomonal beta lactam as soon as possible, aiming for within 60 minutes 8 Give oxygen…

…airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always assess the severity clinically, whatever the DS CRB65 score. Urinary tract Diagnosis…

…course (no more than 7 days) may be given to selected patients with an eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection…

…of the tip and the technique that matter, not the calibre; choose instead the smallest size that will do the job, to reduce urethral trauma…

…other underlying cause immediately. 9. Request ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary tract when a postrenal cause cannot confidently be excluded. 10. Contact nephrology early…

…urine stays acidic however much bicarbonate is given. Potassium replacement is not the management of a side effect; it is part of the treatment itself…

…also worsens the prognosis of established CVD. Mechanisms linking CKD to cardiovascular disease The association is mediated by both traditional and kidney specific pathways. Diabetes…

…the investigation, not the end. In a frail older patient an apparently small insult — sleep deprivation, urinary retention or a new sedative drug, for example…

…treatment has not been shown to improve the prognosis and can cause hypotension, acute kidney injury, myocardial ischaemia or cerebral hypoperfusion. Pain, anxiety, urinary retention…

…maternal organ involvement. Proteinuria is defined as urinary protein excretion 300 mg over 24 hours or a protein–creatinine ratio ≥0.3. Preeclampsia may nevertheless…

…a urinary catheter with a temperature sensor are the first choice; rectal or intravascular measurement also works. Axillary, oral and tympanic measurement are not adequate…

…target organ damage. Although BP reduction is required, these patients generally do not need hospital admission or intravenous treatment. Some patients with acute pain, anxiety…

…coexistence of defined clinical and laboratory components; the diagnostic criteria themselves are not reproduced in the available source material. Waist circumference is particularly important because…