…heart failure armamentarium. Its use has declined over time due to the advent of more efficacious agents with wider therapeutic to toxic windows, and its…

…you decide, not afterwards. Indications Medicinal charcoal is given after the ingestion of a potentially toxic dose of a substance that binds to charcoal, when…

Akutsjukvård Lathundar Basic principle Manage the patient, not the list of poisons. Stabilisation according to ABCDE, the plasma glucose, a blood gas and an ECG…

…systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic drugs. Contraindications Forced expiration raises the pressure in the thorax, the…

…cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a history of asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria…

…The kidney is particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of its high blood flow and the concentration of filtered substances along the nephron as water…

…arrhythmia, among others. Acute severe balance disturbance without nystagmus: HINTS does not apply. Assess gait and truncal stability and investigate for a central cause. Acute…

…to a few seconds. His Purkinje conduction is generally unaffected directly. Adenosine does not typically affect conduction in normal accessory pathways. However, conduction may be…

…atrial fibrillation. Consequently, alcohol should not be initiated as a cardiovascular preventive strategy. A drink equivalent contains approximately 12–14 g of ethanol. Representative quantities…

…chains [8, 19]. Light chains are directly toxic to cardiomyocytes, inducing the elaboration of high levels of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponin [19]. ATTR Amyloidosis…

…Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is specifically classified by the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA and 2021/2023 ESC guidelines as HF with a…

…CD36) that, unlike the classic LDL receptor, are not downregulated by intracellular cholesterol accumulation. Consequently, macrophages indiscriminately phagocytose oxLDL until they become engorged with lipid…

…consciousness. Urgent EEG if the patient does not wake or if ongoing electrographic seizure activity is suspected Benzodiazepines are the established first line treatment. Intravenous…

…discussion: the ECG blog Myocardial ischemia and infarction Myocardial ischemia The definition of ischemia may appear trivial but it is actually a very complicated topic…

…can potentially be reversed if interventions are promptly instituted. In scenarios where an antidote is not available, it is essential to provide supportive care and…

…Treatment of the alcohol use disorder and planned follow up , not merely detoxification. Benzodiazepines reduce the severity of withdrawal and the risk of seizures and…

…Thus, it should not be used during bradycardia and tachycardia. Fridericia’s and Framingham formulas are often preferred in scenarios where a broader range of…

…target organ damage. Although BP reduction is required, these patients generally do not need hospital admission or intravenous treatment. Some patients with acute pain, anxiety…

…arrhythmias is greater in patients on digoxin or verapamil, although this is not an established drug interaction. The half life of adenosine is 8 seconds…

…repolarization syndrome . Early repolarization pattern may actually not be due to early repolarization The term "early repolarization" was used to describe the ECG pattern. Indeed…

…as it does not represent a true conduction block but rather a delay in the propagation of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles…

…typically discrete and not on a par with the degree of left ventricular impairment. Pathophysiology of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome) This topic is still…