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Digoxin: Dosing, Therapeutic Range and Toxicity Management

…time due to the advent of more efficacious agents with wider therapeutic to toxic windows, and its routine use in adult patients is generally discouraged…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…the ingestion of a potentially toxic dose of a substance that binds to charcoal, when it can be given early and the patient has an…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…two intravenous cannulae and continuous ECG monitoring. Fluid where hypovolaemia is likely, but avoid repeated blind boluses in cardiogenic toxic shock D Plasma glucose immediately…

Spirometry

…scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic drugs. Contraindications Forced expiration raises the pressure in the thorax, the abdomen, the skull and the eyes. Postpone…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…80 mg tablet once daily. Warnings and precautions Use Aspirin with caution in the following cases: Concurrent anticoagulant therapy (e.g., coumarin derivatives or heparin…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…contrast exposure and other ischaemic or nephrotoxic stresses. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of its high blood flow and the concentration…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…3]. Step 1: classify by time course and triggers Syndrome Typical course Common or important causes Targeted examination : : : : Acute vestibular syndrome Acute or subacute onset…

Adenosine: Administration Technique, Dose Escalation and Precautions

…A1 receptors located on the extracellular surface of cardiac cells. Through the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins Gi and Go, adenosine activates potassium channels (IK.Ach…

Alcohol and Cardiovascular Disease

…males and 40 g daily in females as capable of causing cardiomyopathy. Several mechanisms contribute: Direct toxic effects on cardiomyocytes Disruption of intracellular signalling and…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…19]. Light chains are directly toxic to cardiomyocytes, inducing the elaboration of high levels of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponin [19]. ATTR Amyloidosis: This form…

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